Nazarin ilimin kimiyya shine kimantawa na aiki na yau da kullum na wani dalibi ta hanyar yin ayyuka daban-daban da aka tsara domin tantance jinsin tunani. Kwararrun ƙwararrun dalibi (IQ) yawanci ana auna su ta hanyar gwajin da aka daidaita tare da gwaje-gwaje na al'ada .
Ilimi yana da ikon yin tunani, warware matsalolin, bincika yanayi, da fahimtar dabi'un zamantakewa, al'adu, da kuma al'ada.
Abubuwa biyu na hankali suna da hannu a mafi yawan bayanan bincike:
- Mahimmancin hankali shine ikon fahimtar da warware matsalolin harshen.
- Mahimmancin hankali ba shi da ikon fahimtar da warware matsalolin gani da na sararin samaniya .
Ana amfani da hankali a wasu lokuta a matsayin mai amfani da hankali (IQ), aiki mai hankali, basirar hankali, kwarewa, ƙwarewar tunani, da kuma iyawar gaba.
Me ya sa jarrabawar Intelligence ta zama mahimmanci ga ɗaliban masu ilimin karatu ?
An gwada gwaji na ilimin ganewa don fahimtar yadda za a iya yin jariri da kuma tantance bukatun dalibi.
- A mafi yawancin lokuta, ana buƙatar gwaji ta ilimin likita na tarayya don tabbatarwa ko yin watsi da kasancewa da nakasa ta jiki da kuma kafa IQ don dalilai na bincikar rashin lafiyar ilmantarwa.
- Dangane da irin gwajin da aka yi amfani da shi na intanet, zai iya bayar da muhimmin bayani game da yadda dalibai ke magance matsalar warware matsalar.
- An fassara shi da kyau, na taimaka wa masu ilmantar da hankali wajen tsara ka'idodin da aka tsara da kuma ilmantarwa don tsara shirin ilimi na mutum (IEP).
Mene ne Gwaje-gwajen Harkokin Intelligence dabam dabam?
IQ gwaje-gwaje daya ne sanannun nau'i na jarrabawar al'ada. Suna kwatanta matakan fasaha "na al'ada" ga waɗanda ɗaliban ɗalibai na wannan zamani.
An buga gwaje-gwaje masu bincike (wanda ake kira kida) a hanyoyi da yawa:
- Ƙididdigar hankali na rukuni na kunshe da ɗan littafin ɗan jarraba na takarda da takardun zane-zane. Gwaran gwaje-gwaje na rukuni, wanda ke tantance yankunan ilimi, wani lokaci sukan hada da ma'auni mai auna. Gaba ɗaya, gwaje-gwajen rukuni ba a bada shawara don manufar gano ɗanta da nakasa. A wasu lokuta, duk da haka, za su iya taimakawa a matsayin ma'auni don bincika idan ana buƙatar ƙarin gwaji kuma zai iya samar da bayanan da suka dace game da tarihin ilimin yaro.
- Ƙwararrun bayanan sirri na iya haɗawa da wasu ayyuka iri-iri kuma zai iya ƙunshi littattafan gwaji na sauƙi don nuna maɓallin amsawa, rikice-rikice da kuma wasa, da kuma tambayoyi da amsa. Wasu ayyuka suna da lokaci. Ƙididdigar Ƙididdigar Ƙwararrun Yara (WISC) da Stanford Binet-Intelligence Scale, da aka sani da jarrabawa Binet-Simon, misalai ne na gwaje-gwajen basirar mutum. Binciken WISC ya hada da harshe, alamar alama, da kuma tambayoyin da ke gudana yayin jarrabawar Stanford-Binet don taimakawa wajen bincikar dalibai da nakasa.
- Kwararrun gwaje-gwajen na samun karuwa sosai, amma kamar yadda dukkanin gwaje-gwaje, masu nazarin dole suyi la'akari da bukatun yaro kafin zabar wannan tsari.
- Kwararrun bayanan sirri irin su Testing Mafi Girma na Intanet na Intanet (CTONI), Testing Intelligence na Duniya - Edition na biyu (UNIT2) ana amfani dashi don tantance dalibai waɗanda ke da matsala na sarrafa harshe ko waɗanda basu da iyakacin Turanci. A cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje, an tsara ayyuka don cire bayanan rubutu daga kima na iyawa na tunani da kuma warewa da kuma nazarin ƙwarewar ilmantarwa na dalibi.