Bayan 'yan gajeren shekaru da suka gabata, ƙwayar Zika ta kera duk abin da ke cikin duniya. Zika yana barazana ga mata masu juna biyu da jarirai a wurare da yawa a cikin duniya. Rawan da adadin yara da yawa Zika ya shafi yana da wuya a ƙayyade, tun da ba a tabbatar da shi da ƙididdigar 100% da Zika ke haifar da rikitarwa kamar microcephaly ba.
Duk da haka, Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya ta lura cewa "an yarda da ita" cewa an danganta yanayin biyu, kuma a lokuta da yawa na jarirai da suka kamu da kwayar cuta, an tabbatar da cutar, wanda ya sa likitoci su kara haɗakar da cutar tare da wahala.
A cikin Brazil, daya daga cikin yankunan da suka ga mafi yawan lokuta na Zika, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta ruwaito cewa an kai kimanin 164 cases na microcephaly kowace shekara tsakanin shekara ta 2001 zuwa 2014. Duk da yake ba kowane ɗayan waɗannan ba Za a iya tabbatar da shari'ar da Zika ya haifar, lambobin suna nuna alamar tabbacin. Kuma wannan shi ne kawai yanki mai cutar Zika. Haka kuma WHO ta gano cewa cutar ta cutar sama da kasashe 33 daga cikin kasashe.
Kodayake Zika ya yi jinkiri ne a wannan lokacin, kamar yadda Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka na kwayar cutar ba su da rahoton cutar cutar har yanzu a shekara ta 2018, wannan baya canza gaskiyar cewa cutar ta riga ta shafi mahalli a dukan duniya.
Kuma a yanzu, kamar yadda kananan yara da cutar Zika ta fara cutar suna girma, menene yake faruwa da su? Yaya daidai zika ya shafi 'yan jariri?
Mene ne Ziki Virus?
A cewar CDC, an gano Zika a farkon 1947. An gano shi a cikin Zika Forest, saboda haka sunan "Zika cutar." Akwai cututtuka daban-daban na cutar a cikin mutane tun lokacin da aka gano ta farko.
Zuwan sauƙi na tafiye-tafiye na duniya, a hade tare da gaskiyar cewa Zika za a iya watsawa ta hanyar saduwa ta hanyar jima'i da kuma ta hanyar mahaifa a lokacin da take ciki, ta taimaka wajen cutar fashewa, wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2015.
Kwayar Zika kamar sauran ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ne, domin ba zai haifar da matsaloli masu yawa a cikin kowane mutum da ke cutar da cutar ba. Alal misali, ga mafi yawan marasa lafiya, Zika na da ƙananan; yana iya haifar da ƙananan zazzaɓi ko raguwa, amma banda wannan, bazai ɗauki wani hadari mai yawa ba. Duk da haka, a wasu mutane, cutar zata iya zama mafi haɗari. A cikin masu juna biyu, cutar Zika zata iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta wanda ke haifar da lalacewar haihuwa, ciki har da microcephaly, da sauran lahani na haihuwa ko rashin haihuwa da haihuwa. Har ila yau, an haɗa Zika zuwa ciwo na Guillain-Barre, wanda ke shafar tsarin mai juyayi.
Ta yaya Zika ke shafi 'yan jariri
Nazarin watan Disamba na shekara ta 2017 daga CDC yayi bayani yadda yadda aka fara haifar da jariran da aka haifi tare da Zika cutar yanzu suna juyawa biyu, suna shiga shekarun balaga. Doctors suna bin ci gaban su don kara koyo game da yadda Zika zai shafi yara yayin da suke girma. Binciken da aka yi a farko shi ne tun daga ƙananan yara daga Brazil wadanda Zika ta kamu da cutar, kamar yadda Brazil ta kasance daya daga cikin kasashe mafi wuya ga cutar da cutar da ta haifar.
A cikin binciken da suka gabata, likitoci sun yi nazarin yara masu shekaru 19 da suka kamu da cutar microcephaly daga haihuwa kuma daga bisani sun nuna rikitarwa da suka haifar da katsewa a cikin kwakwalwarsu. An jarraba yara a tsakanin shekarun 19 da 24 da kuma duk yara suna da matsaloli irin su cututtuka, magance matsalolin da sauraro, damuwa da barci, da mummunar rashin motar mota. Nazarin ya lura cewa duk 'ya'yan suna da "gazawar aikin aiki" kuma suna buƙatar kulawa na musamman daga iyaye, mai kulawa, ko kuma ma'aikata.
An kara nazarin binciken da aka dauka akan sakamakon Zika wanda ake kira da sakamakon binciken Zika da Ci gaban jarirai da yara (ZODIAC).
Binciken ZODIAC ya nuna cewa binciken ya dace da sauran yara da ke da Zika; Sauran 'yan jariri sun nuna irin wannan alamar da ake yi na ƙananan yara, rikice-rikice kamar rikici, karin ziyara a asibitoci, matsaloli na barci, da cin abinci saboda matsalolin da suke haddasawa. Mafi yawan 'yan jariri suna da matsalolin maganganu da hangen nesa, kuma kusan babu ɗayan yara da suka wuce kima wanda aka tsara don watanni shida. Overall, binciken ya lura cewa likitocin yanzu sun san fiye da wasu matsalolin da Zika zai iya haifar da yara kuma wannan zai iya taimakawa wajen kula da makomar su gaba.
Kalma Daga Verywell
Kodayake sakamakon bincike na jariri tare da Zika bazai bayyana alamar da ke da alamar kariya ba, yana da muhimmanci ga likitoci su san yadda cutar zata shafi yara da suka kamu da cutar. Sakamakon haka zai iya taimaka wa likitoci su san abin da kima da kwarewa, taimako, da goyan baya zasu iya taimaka wa yara masu zuwa wanda zasu iya samun matsaloli daga Zika.
Sources
Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka. (2017, Agusta 28). Hoto: Zika cutar. An dawo daga: https://www.cdc.gov/zika/about/overview.html
Satterfield-Nash A, Kotzky K, Allen J, et al. Lafiya da bunƙasa a shekarun 19-24 Watanni na 19 Yara da aka Haifa tare da Microcephaly da Laboratory Shaida na Ciwon Ziki cutar Zika cutar Infection A lokacin 2015 Zika cutar fashewa - Brazil, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017; 66: 1347-1351. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6649a2.
Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya. (2016, Feb 5). Zika Situation Report. An dawo daga http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/204348/1/zikasitrep_5Feb2016_eng.pdf?