Da zarar kun ko yarinku sun yanke shawarar cewa akwai bukatar kulawar haihuwa, lokaci ya yi don bincika zaɓuɓɓukan da suke samuwa. Idan ba a can ba har yanzu, la'akari da waɗannan batutuwa game da matasa da jima'i. Lokacin da ku ko yarinyar ku na shirye, ku koyi yadda za a iya yiwuwa game da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban da aka samo don kulawar haihuwa. Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi ko damuwa, tuntuɓi mai bada sabis na kiwon lafiya ko OBGYN don ƙarin bayani.
Abstinence
- Sakamakon: Babu sakamako na jiki; babu abin da za a saya; Kyakkyawan kariya daga cututtukan cututtuka
- Fursunoni: Duk abokan tarayya zasuyi wannan zaɓi; sau da yawa ba a kiyaye kariya idan abstinence ƙare
- Kyakkyawan: Hanyar hanya guda 100 da ke da tasiri
Implant (Implanon)
- Abubuwan da ke ci gaba: Kariya ta gaba game da daukar ciki shekaru uku; babu abin da za a saka a lokacin saduwa; haila za su iya zama wuta ko dakatarwa; babu alamar da aka gani wanda mutum yake amfani da shi sau ɗaya bayan da tsararwar ya warke
- Fursunoni: Ana buƙatar ƙananan haɗari a hannun hannu don sakawa na implant; wasu lokuta zafi a wucin gadi a wurin shigarwa; Hanyoyi masu illa sun haɗa da zub da jini, ciwon kai ko canzawa cikin ci (amma waɗannan sukan warware cikin watanni uku); babu kariya daga cututtukan da aka yi da jima'i
- Amfani: 99.9%
Injections Contraceptive (Depo-Provera)
- Sakamakon: Ci gaba da kariya daga ciki don watanni uku; babu abin da za a yi amfani da shi ko saka a lokacin saduwa; halatta yana dakatar da rabin rabin mata; babu alamar da aka gani wanda mutumin yake amfani da hanyar
- Fursunoni: Ana buƙatar inge; Dole ne ku tuna cewa harbi har kowane watanni uku; Abubuwan da ke cikin lalacewar sun hada da lokaci marasa bi, riba ko ciwon kai; komawa zuwa haihuwa zai iya ɗaukar 'yan watanni; babu kariya daga cututtukan da aka yi da jima'i
- Amfani: 97% zuwa 99% idan aka yi amfani da shi (dole ne harbi harbi kowane watanni uku)
Ringi na Farina (Nuva Ring)
- Abubuwan da ke faruwa: Kariya ta gaba game da ciki don wata daya; sakawa bazai buƙatar zama ainihin; babu abin da za a yi amfani da shi ko sakawa a lokacin saduwa
- Fursunoni: Dole ne kuyi tunawa don cire mako guda don ba da izini don haila kuma sai ku tuna cewa saka sabbin zobe don makonni uku masu zuwa; an saka shi cikin bala'i; babu kariya daga cututtukan cututtuka; zobe na jin wani lokaci daga abokin tarayya; ring a wani lokacin yana fitowa a lokacin jima'i
- Amfani: 99% idan aka yi amfani da shi daidai da daidaituwa (cirewa da kuma maye gurbin kowane wata)
Patch
- Sakamakon: Babu abin da za a yi amfani da shi ko sakawa a lokacin saduwa
- Fursunoni: Dole ne kuyi tunawa da maye gurbin takalma mako-mako kuma kada ku sa shi cikin mako na haila; bayyane - sawa akan fata, ba a samuwa a cikin dukkan fata; babu kariya daga cututtukan cututtuka; ba a shawarci mata ba a kan fam miliyan 198
- Amfani: 99% idan aka yi amfani da shi daidai da daidaituwa (an cire kullun kuma an maye gurbin kowane mako)
Na'urar Intrauterine (IUD)
- Nau'o'i guda biyu: Daya yana dauke da hormones kuma yana da tasiri ga shekaru biyar, wanda baya dauke da hormones kuma yana da tasiri ga shekaru 10
- Sakamakon: Babu abin da za a yi amfani da shi ko saka a lokacin saduwa; Jirgin da kwayoyin jigilar kwayoyin cutar da kwayoyin halitta zasu iya rage jigilar hanzari da zub da jini; wadanda ba na halayen IUD ba su zama madadin matan da ba za su iya amfani da hanyoyin kula da haihuwa ba; za a iya amfani da ita don kulawar haihuwa ta gaggawa idan an sanya shi a cikin kwana biyar bayan jima'i
- Fursunoni: Dole ne a sanya shi kuma ya cire shi daga wani likitan; lokaci mafi tsanani (watau ba tare da hormonal ba); rare amma mummunan haɗarin kiwon lafiya sun hada da lakabi na uterine ko cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta; babu kariya daga cututtukan cututtuka; ba yawanci shawarar ga matasa waɗanda ba su da jariri saboda ƙananan ƙwayar yarinya
- Amfani:> 99.9%
Kwayar Gubar Haihuwa
- Sakamakon: Babu abin da za a yi amfani da shi ko saka a lokacin saduwa; lokaci ya fi guntu kuma mafi yawan lokaci; ikon yin ciki ya dawo da sauri idan ba a yi amfani da ita ba; kare kan wasu cututtuka da kuma nauyi, lokaci mai raɗaɗi
- Fursunoni: Dole ne kuyi tunawa da kullum. Abubuwan da za su iya haifar da tashin hankali, ƙwayar taushi, canzawa ta ci ko ciwo; rare amma hadarin lafiyar lafiyar jiki irin su ciwon zuciya da kuma bugun jini na iya faruwa (hadarin yafi mata fiye da 35 ko matan da suke shan taba); babu kariya daga cututtukan da aka yi da jima'i
- Amfani: 92% zuwa 99% idan aka yi amfani dasu daidai da daidaito. Kashi ɗaya ko fiye da kwayoyin ƙwayoyi yana ƙara haɗarin haɗari sosai.
Kwaroron roba
- Sakamakon: Akwai a kan-da-counter; ya hana yawan cututtukan da aka yi da jima'i; ana iya samun wasu lokuta don kyauta daga asibitoci ko wasu masu kiwon lafiya
- Fursunoni: Dole ne a yi amfani dashi tare da kowane aiki na jima'i; dole ne a sa a kuma cire shi daidai; maza a wasu lokuta suna kokawa game da asarar abin mamaki
- Amfani: 85-98% idan an yi amfani dasu daidai da kuma daidai
Kwaroron roba na mata
- Sakamakon: Akwai a kan counter; ya hana yawan cututtukan da aka yi da jima'i; mai kyau ga wadanda ke tare da cututtuka
- Fursunoni: Wasu lokuta wuya a saka; dole ne a yi amfani dasu tare da kowane jima'i; za a iya rarraba a lokacin jima'i
- Amfani: 79% zuwa 98% idan aka yi amfani da su akai-akai kuma daidai
Diaphragm ko Cervical Cap
- Sakamakon: Za a iya sanyawa har zuwa sa'o'i biyu kafin yin jima'i; zai iya kasancewa a wurin domin yawancin halayen jima'i (diaphragm - 24 hours, caca - 48 hours); wani zaɓi ga wadanda basu iya jure wa tsarin kulawar haihuwa ba
- Fursunoni: Yana buƙatar shigarwa da ta'aziyya daidai da jikin mutum; na iya zama wanda aka lalace tare da ma'amala; na iya tsoma baki tare da lalacewa; dole ne a bar wuri don 6 zuwa 8 hours bayan jima'i; ƙarin haɗari na ciwon urinary fili
- Amfani: 84% zuwa 91% (cap) ko 94% (diaphragm) idan aka yi amfani dasu da kuma daidai
Spermicides
- Sakamakon: Akwai a kan-da-counter a wasu nau'o'in - creams, gels, movies, foams, suppositories; ƙara lubrication (creams, foams, mala'iku)
- Fursunoni: Dole ne ku sa a yi daidai kafin kowane jima'i; zai iya haifar da halayen rashin tausayi; yiwuwar haushi wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen watsa labaran cutar
- Amfani: 71% zuwa 85% idan aka yi amfani dasu daidai da kuma daidai
Yana da kyau a koyaushe a tattauna tattaunawar zubar da haihuwa tare da mai kula da kiwon lafiya. Ayyukan maganin yara da Shirye-iyaye Shirye-shiryen na da kyau.
> Sources:
> Hatcher, RA, Rinehart, W., Blackburn, R., Geller, JS, da kuma Shelton, JD muhimmancin fasaha na zamani. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a, Bayar da Bayanin Yawan Jama'a, 2003.
> Implanon. Organon Amurka. Fabrairu 16, 2009. http://www.implanon-usa.com/Consumer/index.asp?C=6892739860944849537&source=google&HBX_PK=G%20Implanon%20Ad3&HBX_OU=50&gclid=CL2AmcuA4pgCFQECGgodwRljcA
> Stevens-Simon, C., Kelly, L., da kuma Kulick, R. A ƙauyen zai zama da kyau amma ... yana daukan hana daukar matakan hana tsoma bakin ciki. Jaridar American Journal of Medicine Preventative. 2001 Yuli 21 (1): 60-65
> Trussell J. Tsira da kwarewa. A cikin Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Technology Contraceptive: Ɗaukaka Revised Hidima. New York NY: Ardent Media, 2007. Satumba 5, 2008.