A cikin rikice-rikice, NIH ta ce jarirai ya kamata su cinye furotin alkama
Har zuwa shekara ta 2008, masana sun bada shawarar cewa yara da suke cikin haɗari ga ƙwayar cutar shan nama suna da kyau su guje wa abinci waɗanda ke dauke da kirki har sai aƙalla shekaru uku. Bugu da ƙari kuma, iyaye masu irin wannan yara suna da shawarar su guje wa kirki ba a yayin da suke ciki da kuma lactation. Wadannan shawarwari suna da ma'ana. Hakika, baza ku so ku ciyar da furotin mai gina jiki ga wani yaro wanda zai iya ci gaba da inganta anaphylaxis na rayuwa, mai rashin lafiyar rashin lafiyar da ke shafar tsarin kwayoyin halitta kuma zai iya rufe filin jirgin sama da sauri idan ba a bi da shi ba.
A cikin cikakkiyar tasiri bisa ga bincike, a cikin masana'antun 2017 sun bada shawarar cewa jarirai a babban haɗari na farfadowa na baƙar fata maimakon a ciyar da abinci wanda ke dauke da kirki ba a farkon hudu zuwa shida ba. A bayyane yake, maganganun maganganu a cikin kananan yara ba sa haifar da wani mummunar haɗari ba, amma ya sa yaron ya ba da kirki. A wasu kalmomi, ta hanyar cin abinci na kirki a lokacin ƙuruciyar yara, jarirai a babban haɗari don ƙwaƙwalwar baƙar fata ya zama m .
Kafin mu fara, bari muyi wasu mahimman bayanai a fili. Na farko, bai kamata a ciyar da jarirai ba, ko kuma cike da man shanu, wanda ke da haɗari, kuma a maimakon haka sai a ciyar da abinci mai cakuda, irin su man shanu na man shanu ko man shanu. Abu na biyu, kafin kowane jariri ya ciyar da kayan cakuda, dole ne ya fara zama shirye-shirye da kuma iya cin abinci maras nauyi.
Ƙunƙarar Cikada a kan Rise
A cikin wani labarin da aka buga a cikin jaridar Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology a shekarar 2010, masu bincike sun gano cewa yawan ciwon daji a cikin 'ya'yan Amurka ya karu daga kashi 0.4 cikin 1997 zuwa kashi 1.4 cikin 2008, wanda ya nuna miliyoyin yara.
Bayanan lura, irin wadannan maɗaukaki masu yawa an rubuta su a kwanan nan a wasu ƙasashe, har ma Kanada, Birtaniya da Australia.
A bayyane yake cewa, yawan ƙwayar baƙar fata ba shi da wani abu da kasancewa da kirkiro, wanda ya kasance mai ci gaba a cikin shekaru 40 da suka gabata.
A cewar masu bincike:
"Mahimmanci game da dalilin yaduwar ƙwayar nama a cikin yara sun hada da haɗuwa da ƙwayar gashi na gashin giya, gabatar da kirki a lokacin da kwayoyin rigakafi ba su da rai, jinkirta gabatar da kirki a cikin abincin, da kuma yanayin muhalli ga kirki ba tare da yaduwa ba . "
Nazarin LEAP
Sakamako daga Kwarewa na Early game Allergy (LEAP) Nazarin da aka buga a New England Journal of Medicine a shekara ta 2015 ya sake fahimtar fahimtar ƙwayar jinya a jikinta.
A cikin wannan gwajin bazara, masu bincike sun sanya jarirai 640 tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayar dabbobi, ko duka biyu-duk alamomi na haɗarin haɗarin hawan hawan haɗari - ko dai wata kungiya gwaji , wanda aka ciyar da jarirai a cikin ƙananan abinci, samfurori har zuwa watanni 60. Masu binciken sun gano cewa farkon gabatar da kayan kirkiro a cikin yara waɗanda ke cikin haɗari ga ƙwayar mahaukaci sun rage yawan cigaba da irin wannan rashin lafiyar da kuma gyaran maganin baƙaƙe. Musamman, farkon gabatar da kirki ba zai rage haɗari na cigaba da tarin fuka ba daga kashi 81 cikin 100.
Shawarwarin da wannan binciken ya fito ne daga binciken da aka gudanar a baya da masu bincike suka nuna cewa sunadarin haɓaka tarin alurar rigakafi yana da sau goma a cikin 'ya'yan Yahudawa da ke zaune a Ƙasar Ingila fiye da yadda ya kasance daga cikin mutanen Isra'ila na irin wannan kakannin.
Babban bambanci tsakanin al'ummomin nan biyu shine cewa yara Yahudawa a Birtaniya ba su cinye kirki ba a farkon shekara ta rayuwa; amma, a cikin Isra'ila, an gabatar da kirki a cikin abinci a watanni bakwai.
Ɗaukaka Hanya na Jirgin Jirgin Aljihu
Dalilin da yasa kananan jarirai ke fama da haɗari don ciwon hawan daji ba su da wataƙila su sami irin wannan rashin lafiyar idan aka ciyar da kayan ƙyasadar nama ba zai yiwu su yi tare da tsinkayen dual-allergen ba.
Mafi mahimmanci, a cikin hanyoyi guda biyu za a iya gabatar da kwayar cututtuka mai tsami. Na farko, saboda wadanda ke da haɗari ga ƙwayar jijiyanci suna da ƙwayar cuta, ko rashawa, sunadarin furotin daga cikin yanayi (misali, gyada baran a kan tebur ko man shayi a creams) zai iya yin hanyar ta hanyar fashewar fata.
Na biyu, sunadaran sunadaran sunadaran zasu iya cinye baki.
Idan an umurci yara da ke cikin haɗarin haɗarin cizon sauro don kaucewa yin amfani da kayan hawan burodi, kawai hanyar kirki ba sa hanyar shiga cikin jini shi ne ta bayyanar launin fata. Bisa ga maganganun dual-allergen, wannan hanya na daukan hotuna zai iya haifar da ƙwarewar rashin lafiyar da ciwon haɗarin haɗari. A wani ɓangaren kuma, maganin farko na maganin furotin yana haifar da haƙuri.
A wasu kalmomi, jariri a babban haɗari na rashin lafiyar alurar da ba a ciyar da kayan cakuda ba a cikin abincinta har yanzu yana nuna furotin mai gina jiki a cikin yanayin. Wannan tasirin zai iya haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki. Duk da haka, idan ta ciyar da kayan baƙar fata, sai ta zama wanda ba shi da kyau ga kirkiro da haƙuri.
Sharuɗɗa Uku
Dangane da sakamakon binciken na LEAP da damuwa game da karuwar yawan bala'in furotin, a watan Janairu 2017, kwamitin gwani da kwamiti na gudanarwa wanda Cibiyar Harkokin Magunguna da Cututtuka ta kasa ta shirya ta ba da karin bayani ga Bayanan jagorancin yau da kullum suna bayyane gane ganewar asali da kuma kula da abincin abincin. Wannan addendum yana bayar da shawarwari da sababbin ka'idoji uku .
Shaida ta 1 yana bada shawara cewa idan jariri yana da ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, ƙwayar ƙwayar kwai ko duka biyu-kuma haka ne mafi haɗari ga ƙwayar alurar nama - to, ya kamata a gabatar da abincin da baƙaƙe a cikin abincin a farkon makonni hudu zuwa shida don rage haɗarin na inganta tarin fuka. Lura cewa a cikin yara masu fama da ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, gabatar da sinadaran hawan burodi na buƙatar shigarwa da jagorancin dan jarida ko wani gwani.
Musamman ma, likita zai fara yin gwajin jini ko kuma ya kula da yaro zuwa likitancin yara wanda zai iya yin gwajin fata don sanin ko yana da lafiya ga jariri ya cinye sinadarin hawan naman alade da kuma yadda za a gabatar da abinci mai kwakwalwa a ciki. da abinci. Abu mai mahimmanci, wasu jarirai da aka gabatar ga kirki suna ci gaba da irin wannan mummunar haɗari a lokacin gwaji (tsofaffin fata) da cewa sun riga sun sami ciwon kwari da kuma kawai ba za su iya jure wa gabatar da kirki ba a cikin abincin ba tare da hadarin anaphylaxis ba.
Jagora 2 yana nuna cewa idan jaririn yana da ƙananan ƙwayar eczema, to ya kamata a gabatar da abinci mai yalwaci a cikin abinci a kimanin watanni shida don rage hadarin bunkasa ciwon haya. Duk da haka, gabatar da sinadaran hawan gurasa a cikin abincin da jarirai ke ciki da ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙananan haɗari na ciwon haɗarin alurar baƙar fata ba asali ne kamar yadda yaro zai kasance da ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta da kuma haɗari mai haɗari na haya.
A cikin jarirai da ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta, ba a buƙatar gabatar da abinci mai baƙo ba dole ne a gaggauta gaggauta-musamman idan kayan abinci ba tare da sunyi ba daga cikin abinci na iyali. Kamar yadda jariran da ke fama da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cutar, za a iya gabatar da kayan kirki a cikin abincin da yara ke da ƙananan eczema na farko a gida ko lokacin ciyarwa a asibitin likita dangane da likita da kuma yarda da haƙuri.
Tare da dangantaka da Sharuɗɗa na 1 da na 2, don Allah ka tuna cewa ƙuduri na yin haƙuri ko ƙwaƙwalwar eczema mai tsanani ne ko likita ya yi ta likitan.
Shaida na 3 ya nuna cewa a cikin yara ba tare da eczema ko rashin lafiyar abinci ba, za'a iya gabatar da kayan da baƙaƙe a cikin shekaru masu dacewa tare da wasu abinci mai dadi bisa ga abincin abincin iyali da abubuwan da ake gudanarwa.
Layin Ƙasa
Mawuyacin jinya yana daukan nauyin halayen zaman lafiya da na tattalin arziki a kan iyalai marasa iyaka ba kawai a Amurka ba har ma a duniya. A mafi yawan mutanen da ke fama da naman alade, farawa yana farawa a lokacin ƙuruciya kuma yana ci gaba a rayuwar. Hada yawan ciwon hawan da ke cikin nauyin haya ya ci gaba sosai a cikin shekaru da suka wuce.
Kafin shekara ta 2008, an umarci yara da suka kasance mafi haɗari ga ƙwayar mahaukaci su guje wa abincin da ke dauke da kirki da kuma sunadarai. Duk da haka, yanzu mun sani cewa a wasu kananan yara suna da haɗari ga ƙwayar mahaukaci, farkon gabatar da abincin da baƙaƙe a cikin abinci zai iya gina gina jiki. Abubuwan da wannan binciken ya kasance mai zurfi ne, kuma, a nan gaba, farkon gabatar da sinadarin hawan gyada a cikin abincin waɗanda ke da hadari don rashin lafiyar hawan nama zai iya rage yawan yawan nauyin haya.
Idan yaro ba shi da alhakin fyade amma yana da haɗari ga shi (tunanin eczema, rashin lafiyar nama ko duka biyu), yana da kyau in hadu da likita don tattauna yadda za'a gabatar da sinadaran hawan a cikin abincinta.
> Sources:
> Ƙarin Shawarar Jagora don Rigakafin Magunguna a Ƙarƙashin Ƙarya a Amurka: Tsarin taƙaice ga iyaye da masu kulawa. https://www.niaid.nih.gov/sites/default/files/peanut-allergy-prevention-guidelines-parent-summary.pdf
> Du Toit et al. Gwajin Randomed na Amfani da Baƙin Maima a cikin jarirai a ƙananan ƙwayar cuta. Jaridar New England Journal of Medicine . 2015; 372: 9.
> Rashin lafiya, G. Yaya Yayinda Al'ummar Al'umma ta Ci Gaba? http://tna.europarchive.org/20120419000433/http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/howdoesfoodallergydevelop.pdf
> Sicherer, SH et al. Hanyoyin da ake yi wa manema labarai a kan Amurka, kwaya bishiyoyi, da kuma ciwon sikila: shekaru goma sha biyun. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology . 2010; 125: 6.
> Togia A et al. Ƙarin Additto don kare rigakafin fatar jiki a Amurka: Rahoton Cibiyar Ƙungiyar Allergy da cututtuka ta kasa-mashawarcin gwani. Annals na Allergy, Asthma & Immunology . 2016.