Mene ne ma'aurata guda biyu? Kila ka ji wannan lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi don bayyana ma'aurata, amma ba su tabbatar da ma'anarta ba. Mafi yawan maganganu da aka saba amfani dasu ga irin wannan jinsin shine "ma'aurata" daidai . Saboda hanyar da mahaukaciyar mahaukaci sun fara, sukan yi kama da juna kuma suna da wasu kamanni. Hakanan ne saboda ma'aurata guda daya suna samuwa ne daga takalma guda da aka haifa wanda ya rabu don kafa biyu embryos wanda ya bunkasa cikin jarirai biyu.
Saboda mutum biyu suna fitowa ne daga wata tushe guda ɗaya, suna raba sassan kwayoyin halitta kuma suna iya nuna alamarsu mai ban mamaki. Saboda haka, suna dauke da "m."
Kalmar monozygotic ita ce mafi kyawun rubutun ga irin wannan tagwaye maimakon gano su a matsayin m. Kodayake ma'aurata monozygotic suna kama da hanyoyi masu yawa, ba su da clones. Duk da cewa suna iya yin kama da juna, suna da irin waɗannan abubuwa, kuma suna jin dadin bukatun guda biyu, mutane guda biyu ne. Kalmar monozygotic ya fi dacewa da bayanin asalin su. Mono = daya, zygote = hadu da kwai. Su ne ma'aurata da suka samo daga kwai kwai.
Yaya Yarinya Monozygotic Ya Yi?
Bari mu dubi yadda wannan ya faru. Dangane da yin jima'i ko in vitro, kwayar guda daya ta hadu da kwai ɗaya (oocyte). Yayin da kwai kwai (zygote) takin tafiya zuwa cikin mahaifa, sassan suna rarraba kuma sun hada cikin blastocyst.
Kuma a game da ma'aurata monozygotic, don dalilan da basu fahimta ba, blastocyst ya rabu biyu zuwa sassa daban-daban da siffofi kamar jinsuna guda biyu. Babban sakamako? Twins!
Babu bayanin bayanan kimiyya game da dalilin da ya sa wannan ya faru ko abin da ya sa shi. Ma'aurata Monozygotic yawanci sun zama asiri.
Ba a rinjaye su da wasu dalilai masu yawa wadanda suke taimakawa wajen yin jima'i, kamar tarihin iyali , shekarun haihuwa, ko jiyya na haihuwa. Hanya na twinning na daya ya kasance daidai a tsakanin jinsuna da kuma yawan jama'a.
Ma'aurata monozygotic wakiltar kawai kananan ƙwayoyin tagwaye. {Asar Amirka ta rubuta game da haifaffun juna biyu, a cikin shekara ta 2013, wanda ya wakilci 33.7 daga kowace shekara. Duk da haka dai 3 ko 4 daga cikin 1,000 ne ma'aurata guda daya.
Yaya Za ku iya fada idan yatsunsu suna Monozygotic?
Wani lokaci, yana yiwuwa don ƙayyade zygosity a lokacin daukar ciki . Dangane da lokaci na tsagawa, wasu ma'aurata sunyi juna biyu tare da guda ɗaya, da aka raba su kuma an haɗa su a cikin wani nau'i ɗaya ko amnion. Wadannan alamu, waɗanda ake iya gani a kan duban dan tayi, zasu iya gano ma'aurata guda daya. Amma sau da yawa, ba a san shi ba. Ko da bayan haihuwar, bazai yiwu a kafa zygosity ba tare da tabbatarwa ta gwajin DNA ba.
Ga wadansu hanyoyi da za ku iya fada idan ma'aurata su ne monozygotic:
- Idan sun kasance yarinya da yarinya - sun fi dacewa BABI bambance-bambance
- Idan suna da nau'in jini dabam-dabam - su BABU ne kawai
- Idan akwai rami ɗaya - su ne PROBABLY monozygotic
- Idan akwai placentas guda biyu - har yanzu zasu iya kasancewa mai sauƙi
- Idan akwai monochorionic - sun kasance kusan ƙa'idar monozygotic
- Idan sun kasance guda ɗaya ne - su ne DASKIYA monozygotic
- Idan sun yi kama da juna - su ne maɓalli guda ɗaya
- Idan bincike na DNA ya nuna alamomi mai jituwa - sun kasance MUTANE
- Idan bincike na DNA ya nuna bambance-bambance a alamomi - su BABI ma'aurata guda biyu ne masu juna biyu. Suna fitowa ne daga zygote guda, ka tuna? Lokacin da ya raguwa, jinsin jima'i sun kasance a cikin duka embryos. Hakika, akwai raguwa sosai
Ma'aurata monozygotic suna da jinsi ɗaya. Suna fitowa ne daga zygote guda, ka tuna?
Lokacin da ya raguwa, jinsin jima'i sun kasance a cikin duka embryos. Tabbas, akwai wasu banbanci . Suna da wuya, cewa bazai yiwu ba za ku taba haɗuwa da su. Don haka, yana da lafiya a ɗauka cewa jigon ma'aurata da sukaro ne da yarinya ba su da matsala. Ma'aurata Monozygotic zasu zama 'yan mata biyu ko maza biyu.
Hakazalika, ma'aurata guda daya suna raba sauran DNA . Abubuwan jinsi sun bayyana dalilin da yasa sukan yi kama da juna daidai kuma suna da irin wannan bukatu da halayen. Nazarin DNA ya gwada alamar kwayoyin halitta kuma zai iya tabbatar da cewa ma'aurata sune guda biyu. Duk da haka, jinsin halitta ba su ƙayyade kome game da mutum ba, kuma akwai hanyoyi da yawa wadanda ma'aurata masu juna biyu sun bambanta da juna. Hanyoyin muhalli, jinsin halittu, da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi rayuwa sun haifar da rarrabuwa wanda ya kafa su a matsayin mutane na musamman.
Source:
Formation of twins. Jami'ar Pennsylvania Health System. Penn Medicine Medical Animation Library. Samun shiga Yuli 7, 2015. http://www.pennmedicine.org/encyclopedia/em_DisplayAnimation.aspx?gcid=000058&ptid=17
Martin, Joyce A., Hamilton, Brady E., Osterman, Michelle JK, Curtin, Sally C., da Mathews, TJ "Haihuwar: Bayanan Bayanai na 2013". Rahotanni na Tarihi na Tarihi na kasa , Janairu 15, 2015, Vol. 64, No. 1.
Yanayin tagwaye ta twintype. Yawancin Amirka. Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyi na Jinsunan Jima'i. An shiga Yuli 11, 2015. http://www.nomotc.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=67&Itemid=55
> Maimaita haihuwa. Abinda ya faru. Society of Obstetricians da Gynecologists na Canada. Samun shiga Yuli 11, 2015. http://sogc.org/publications/multiple-birth/#incidence